Survey Deficiency Trends: Analyzing Citations Across Buildings

When a survey ends and a statement of deficiencies arrives, most operators respond the way they should: write the plan of correction, fix the issues, and follow up. For a single building, that is the whole job. For an organization with several buildings, there is an additional opportunity. If you compare citations across locations and over time, themes begin to appear that no single report would show. Maybe several buildings keep struggling with the same type of issue, or one building's patterns hint at a systems problem rather than a one-time lapse.

Why look across the portfolio

Each survey is a snapshot of one building on a few days. A portfolio view turns many snapshots into a trend. It can help you:

Find recurring problem areas that deserve a company-wide fix, rather than building-by-building fixes.

Spot buildings that need extra support before the next survey.

Share what works, since a building with few citations in a category may have a practice worth copying.

Prioritize training, policies and technology investments.

Show your board, owners and quality committees where risk is concentrated.

Collect the data in one place

Start by gathering the information from each survey, including standard surveys, complaint investigations and focused or follow-up visits. For each citation, capture a consistent set of fields in a spreadsheet or database:

Building and survey date.

Type of survey.

The regulatory reference, often called the tag number, along with its short title.

Scope and severity as reported.

A short description of what was found.

Whether it was repeated from a prior survey.

The root cause identified in your plan of correction.

Corrective actions and the date compliance was achieved.

Any financial or enforcement impact.

Public survey results are available for each facility, and the inspection reports can help fill in history. Use what is accurate and keep a consistent format.

Categorize meaningfully

Raw tag numbers are hard to read in bulk. Group citations into broader themes so that patterns show up. Common groupings include:

Resident rights and dignity.

Quality of care and clinical processes, such as falls, pressure injuries and weight loss.

Medication management.

Infection prevention and control.

Environment and life safety.

Staffing and training.

Administration, including governance and documentation.

Care planning and assessments.

Emergency preparedness.

Dietary and food safety.

Choose categories that make sense for your organization and apply them consistently. Where a citation could fall in two, pick a primary category and note the other.

Look at the numbers

Once the data is organized, review it a few ways.

By category

Count citations in each theme across all buildings. Which categories appear most often? Which appear in several buildings at once?

By building

Compare buildings, but be careful. A larger building or one surveyed more often may have more citations, so consider rates rather than raw counts when you can. Look at each building's trend over time, whether improving or worsening.

Over time

Plot the number and severity of citations by quarter or year. Look for changes after policy updates, leadership turnover, new software or staffing shifts.

Repeat citations

Pay special attention to repeated tags. A citation that returns suggests that the earlier correction did not address the underlying cause.

Dig into root causes

Numbers point out where to look, but not why. For the biggest themes, review the underlying causes in the plans of correction. Are they about training, staffing, workflow, supplies, documentation or communication? Often several buildings share a common cause, such as an unclear process, or inconsistent documentation in the electronic record.

Act on what you find

Take the top two or three themes and design a shared response:

Revise a policy or checklist for all buildings.

Provide training for administrators, nurses or department heads.

Use mock surveys or internal audits focused on those categories.

Adjust how the electronic record captures and flags the relevant information.

Assign a corporate owner and track progress at regular meetings.

Then watch whether the theme declines in future surveys.

Handle the data carefully

Survey information can include sensitive material about residents and staff. Keep resident identifiers out of the portfolio summary, and limit access to those who need it. Share trends broadly and details narrowly.

How UnityCare IT can help

UnityCare IT helps multi-site healthcare operators build simple, secure reporting that brings quality and compliance data together across buildings. If your citation data lives in scattered files, we can help organize it so it is useful.

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An outsourced IT department with proactive maintenance and one number to call.

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